William F. Cody Archive: Documenting the life and times of Buffalo Bill
California, First Person Narratives: General Collections
"California as I Saw It:" First-Person Narratives of California's Early Years, 1849-1900 consists of the full texts and illustrations of 190 works documenting the formative era of California's history through eyewitness accounts. From the Library of Congress
Governors of California - Peter Burnett, State of the State Address 1851
The taught narrative canon relegates 19th century California to the Gold Rush and the Compromise of 1850, that's about it. Yet shortly after becoming a state, the Governor call for a "War of Extermination" of the native population.
. The white man, to whom time is money, and who labors hard all day to create the comforts of life, cannot sit up all night to watch his property; and after being robbed a few times, he becomes desperate, and resolves upon a war of extermination. This is the common feeling of our people who have lived upon the Indian frontier. The two races are kept asunder by so many causes, and having no ties of marriage or consanguinity to unite them, they must ever remain at enmity.
hat a war of extermination will continue to be waged between the races until the Indian race becomes extinct must be expected. While we cannot anticipate this result but with painful regret, the inevitable destiny of the race is beyond the power or wisdom of man to avert.
Treaty of Fort Laramie (1868)
In this treaty, signed on April 29, 1868, between the U.S. Government and the Sioux Nation, the United States recognized the Black Hills as part of the Great Sioux Reservation, set aside for exclusive use by the Sioux people.
Life among the Piutes Hopkins, Sarah Winnemucca, (Book)
Life Among the Paiutes: Their Wrongs and Claims is an 1883 book by Sarah Winnemucca. It is both an autobiographic memoir and history of the Paiute people during their first forty years of contact with European Americans. It is considered the "first known autobiography written by a Native American woman."[1] Anthropologist Omer Stewart described it as "one of the first and one of the most enduring ethnohistorical books written by an American Indian," frequently cited by scholars
150th Anniversary Sand Creek Massacre | The Official Site of Governor Hickenlooper
This speech was delivered by the Governor of Colorado in 2014 memorializing the Sand Creek Massacre - buried within it is a brief description of two university studies into the Massacre and the role of then-governor John Evans. They did not come to the same conclusion which demonstrates for students the nature of history to come to different conclusions. It also shows that way in which history is used to understand the past
Wounded Knee Massacre - DBQ
Short context paragraph and 3 accounts of the massacre and two images make for a single class lesson. Black Elk in 1890, Flying Hawk and 1936 and Benjamin Harrison in 1890 - how and why are these accounts different? How do we make history from this?
American Indian Records in the National Archives | National Archives
Federal Indian Boarding School Report 2022
This report shows for the first time that between 1819 and 1969, the United States operated or supported 408 boarding schools across 37 states (or then-territories), including 21 schools in Alaska and 7 schools in Hawaii. This report identifies each of those schools by name and location, some of which operated across multiple sites.
Buffalo Bill Digitized Advertisement
Setting students loose in this advertisement will yield things teachers can't anticipate to make a truly authentic history experience. Although Buffalo Bill was advertising his show as authentic as well - this is authentic history